What is FeLV? 

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a virus that infects cats. It was first discovered in cats with a form of leukemia (cancer of the white blood cells). FeLV can cause a variety of diseases in addition to leukemia. Like all viruses, FeLV is a tiny microorganism that can only replicate itself inside living cells. FeLV is specific to members of the cat family and does not pose a risk to other species of animals or people.

FeLV infection is found worldwide. In general, around 1-2% of the cat population is persistently infected with this virus, and many more are exposed. The number of cats infected differs according to the geographical location, environment, and the lifestyle of the cat. Infection is more common in colonies of cats where there is close contact between individuals.

What are common FeLV signs in cats?

• Weight loss: A slow but progressive weight loss that can lead to severe wasting 

• Poor coat condition: The cat's coat may appear unhealthy 

• Fever: A persistent fever 

• Pale gums: The cat's gums may appear pale, or there may be a yellow color around the mouth and whites of the eyes 

• Inflammation: The cat's gums may be inflamed, a condition known as gingivitis, or the mouth may be inflamed, a condition known as stomatitis 

• Infections: The cat may have infections in the skin, urinary bladder, or upper respiratory tract 

• Diarrhea: The cat may have persistent diarrhea 

• Neurological disorders: The cat may experience seizures or other neurological disorders 

• Eye conditions: The cat may have a variety of eye conditions 

How is FIV managed in cats?  

There's no specific treatment for Feline Leukemia, so care usually focuses on supporting affected cats with fluids, nutrients, and other essential needs until they improve. This typically involves isolation from other cats, whether within the veterinary hospital or at home.

What is the prognosis in cats?

Although a diagnosis of FeLV can be emotionally devastating, it is important to realize that cats with FeLV can live normal lives for prolonged periods of time. The median survival time for cats after FeLV is diagnosed is 2.5 years, but this can be much longer for cats who develop a regressive infection.

Management tips for a cat with FIV

• Keep the cat indoors: Prevent the spread of FeLV to other cats and exposure to other infections. If the cat goes outside, supervise it or keep it in a secure enclosure. 

• Provide good nutrition: Consult with a veterinarian to determine the healthiest food for your cat. Avoid raw foods. 

• Provide regular veterinary care: Get your cat regular wellness exams, vaccinations, and laboratory testing. Promptly take your cat to the vet if it shows signs of illness. 

• Treat secondary infections: If your cat gets a bacterial infection, your vet may prescribe antibiotics. If your cat has anemia, your vet may perform a blood transfusion. 

• Manage FeLV-associated lymphomas: Your vet may use chemotherapy to treat FeLV-associated lymphomas. 

• Minimize stress: Consider products like FELIWAY® to help your cat feel calm. Stay up to date: Keep up with the latest information on FeLV in case new treatments or diagnostic developments emerge. 

In a crisis situation:

Contact your veterinarian immediately if your cat suddenly collapses, has uncontrollable seizures, experiences difficulty breathing, behaves aggressively, or vocalizes in pain.