What conditions can cause urinary incontinence in pets?

Urinary incontinence develops secondary to many medical conditions, including:

• Kidney disease

• Bladder or urinary tract cancer (e.g., transitional cell carcinoma)

• Diabetes

• Hormone imbalances

• Hyperadrenocorticism (i.e., Cushing’s disease)

• Cognitive dysfunction

• Degenerative myelopathy

• Intervertebral disc disease

• Prostate disorders

• Congenital abnormalities

Urinary incontinence can also be caused by separation anxiety, or excitement.

How can urinary incontinence affect my pet’s quality of life?

Urinary incontinence can be frustrating for pet owners, particularly if the incontinent pet is a large dog. Pet owners may barricade their pet who is frequently urinating accidentally in the kitchen or mudroom for easy cleaning, which can make pets feel isolated and stressed. Leaking urine can lead to urine scald and infections, which can be difficult to fully resolve, and make the pet uncomfortable. Without the ability and dedication to provide proper hygiene, incontinent pets can experience a decreased quality of life. 

How can I manage my pet’s urinary incontinence at home?

If your pet is suffering from urinary incontinence, these management tips may help improve their quality of life:

• Trim away the long hair on your pet’s hind end, removing fur that can trap urine. 

• Purchase well-fitting diapers to limit accidents on your furniture and carpet.

• Use unscented baby wipes to keep your pet clean and dry. 

• Place waterproof pads under your pet’s bedding to help absorb urine. 

• Check your pet’s bedding frequently for wetness, washing soiled bedding as needed to minimize infection risk.

• Walk your pet more frequently, especially first thing in the morning and right after naps.

• Place extra easily accessible litter boxes throughout your home for your cat.

Do not limit your pet’s water intake without first consulting with your family veterinarian.

When should I seek veterinary help for my pet’s urinary incontinence?

If your pet has a chronic condition, you should maintain close contact with your family veterinarian about their progress and management. Contact your family veterinarian in these situations:

• Your pet develops urine scald or a skin infection

• Your pet is drinking excessively

• Your pet is continuously licking their genitals

Your family veterinarian may have additional management tips, or may be able to prescribe medications to help better manage their condition.